Template:Infobox zinc

Chemical element, symbol Zn and atomic number 30
Zinc, 30Zn
File:Zinc fragment sublimed and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Zinc
Appearancesilver-gray
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope
Zinc in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson


Zn

Cd
copperzincgallium
Atomic number (Z)30
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-group
PeriodTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-period
BlockTemplate:Infobox element/block format
Electron configurationTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-electron-configuration
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-phase
Melting point692.68 K ​(419.53 °C, ​787.15 °F)
Boiling point1180 K ​(907 °C, ​1665 °F)
Density (at 20° C)7.140 g/cm3[1]
when liquid (at m.p.)6.57 g/cm3
Heat of fusion7.32 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]115 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.470 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]]
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.65
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]
  • 1st: 906.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1733.3 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3833 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 134 pm
Covalent radius122±4 pm
Van der Waals radius139 pm
Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Natural occurrenceTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-occurrence
Crystal structureTemplate:Infobox element/crystal structure (hP2)
Lattice constantsa = 266.46 pm
c = 494.55 pm (at 20 °C)[1]
Thermal expansion30.08×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[lower-alpha 1]
Thermal conductivity116 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity59.0 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility−11.4×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[2]
Young's modulus108 GPa
Shear modulus43 GPa
Bulk modulus70 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod3850 m/s (at r.t.) (rolled)
Poisson ratio0.25
Mohs hardness2.5
Brinell hardness327–412 MPa
CAS Number7440-66-6
History
DiscoveryIndian metallurgists (before 1000 BCE)
First isolationAndreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746)
SymbolTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-etymology
Recognized as a unique metal byRasaratna Samuccaya (1300)
Isotopes of zinc
Template:infobox zinc isotopes does not exist
 Category: Zinc
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Template:Infobox element/element navigation

Notes

  1. The thermal expansion of zinc is anisotropic. The coefficients for each crystal axis are (at 20 °C): αa = 13.06×10−6/K, αc = 64.12×10−6/K, and αaverage = αvolume/3 = 30.08×10−6/K.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.